Computer Vision Annotation Formats

Roboflow is the universal conversion tool for computer vision datasets. We import any annotation format and export to any other, meaning you can spend more time experimenting and less time wrestling with one-off conversion scripts for your object detection datasets.

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If you upload your images to Roboflow, you can annotate your images in Roboflow without wrangling other annotation formats.

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annotation formats.

COCO JSON

COCO is a common JSON format used for machine learning because the dataset it was introduced with has become a common benchmark.

Pascal VOC XML

Pascal VOC is a common XML annotation format that is human readable but doesn't work with any known object detection models.

YOLOv5 PyTorch TXT

A modified version of YOLO Darknet annotations that adds a YAML file for model config.

Tensorflow Object Detection CSV

The intermediate human-readable format prior to creating a TFRecord.

Tensorflow TFRecord

Tensorflow TFRecords are a binary format used with the TensorFlow Object Detection models.

CreateML JSON

Apple's CreateML and Turi Create tools need a special JSON format for object detection tasks.

YOLOv5 Oriented Bounding Boxes

A modified version of YOLO Darknet annotations that allows for rotated bounding boxes.

YOLOv8 PyTorch TXT

A modified version of YOLO Darknet annotations that adds a YAML file for model config.

YOLOv8 Oriented Bounding Boxes

Used to train a YOLOv8-OBB model.

OpenAI GPT-4o Object Detection JSONL

The format required by OpenAI for fine-tuning GPT-4o for object detection.

Scaled-YOLOv4 TXT

Scaled-YOLOv4 uses a variant on the Darknet TXT format with an additional data.yaml configuration file.

LabelBox Video JSON

LabelBox is an outsourced label management service, specializing in on-premise "bring your own labeler" solutions.

OpenAI CLIP Classification

CLIP is an impressive multimodal zero-shot image classifier that achieves impressive results in a wide range of domains with no fine-tuning.

Unity Perception JSON

Unity Perception is a toolkit for generating datasets for computer vision by using 3D renders.

meituan/yolov6

MT-YOLOv6 uses a modified version of YOLO Darknet annotations.

YOLOv7 PyTorch TXT

A modified version of YOLO Darknet annotations that adds a YAML file for model config.

Cogniac

A JSON annotation format used by Cogniac.

YOLOv9 PyTorch TXT

A modified version of YOLO Darknet annotations that adds a YAML file for model config.

PaliGemma JSONL

PaliGemma is a multimodal model developed by Google. PaliGemma uses a JSONL data format.

YOLOv10 PyTorch TXT

A modified version of YOLO Darknet annotations that adds a YAML file for model config.

Florence-2

The data format used by the Florence-2 multimodal model.

COCO Keypoint

The keypoint detection format used in the Microsoft COCO project.

YOLOv8 Keypoint TXT

The keypoint format used by YOLOv8.

YOLOv11 PyTorch TXT

COCO Run-Length Encoding (RLE)

A version of the COCO JSON format with segmentation masks encoded with run-length encoding.

Segment Anything 2

SAM-2 uses a custom dataset format for use in fine-tuning models. You can convert and export data to the SAM 2 format in Roboflow.

Multiclass Classification CSV

Transforms an object detection problem into a classification problem.

Supervisely JSON

Supervise.ly offers a computer vision platform and uses a proprietary JSON-based annotation format.

RetinaNet Keras CSV

A custom format used by the Keras implementation of RetinaNet.

Scale AI JSON

Scale AI is a popular outsourced labeling platform; their API returns object detection annotations in this JSON format.

LabelMe JSON

The native format of LabelMe, an open source graphical image annotation tool written in Python and available for Windows, Mac, and Linux.

Google Cloud AutoML Vision CSV

The CSV format needed for Google's AutoML Vision tool.

VoTT JSON

The native format of Microsoft's Visual Object Tagging Tool (VoTT)

Kaggle Wheat CSV

Custom format used in a specific Kaggle object detection competition.

YOLO Darknet TXT

The favored annotation format of the Darknet family of models.

OpenImages CSV

A variation on the YOLO Darknet format which removes the need for a labelmap.

OIDv4 TXT

The format returned by the OpenImages Dataset v4 ToolKit.

SuperAnnotate JSON

SuperAnnotate (formerly annotate.online) is a self-service labeling tool and outsourced annotation provider.

YOLOv4 PyTorch TXT

A format used with the PyTorch port of YOLO v4.

Udacity TXT

The format used by the Udacity Self Driving Car dataset.

VGG Image Annotator CSV

The VGG Image Annotator tool's CSV format.

YOLO Keras TXT

A format used with the Keras implementation of YOLOv3.

VGG Image Annotator JSON

The VGG Image Annotator tool's JSON format.

Sagemaker GroundTruth Manifest

The proprietary annotation format used by Amazon SageMaker GroundTruth.

Marmot XML

Marmot is an obscure Chinese annotation format created by researchers at Peking University.

VoTT CSV

The native format of Microsoft's Visual Object Tagging Tool (VoTT)

LabelBox JSON

LabelBox is an outsourced label management service, specializing in on-premise "bring your own labeler" solutions.

IBM Cloud Annotations JSON

The native JSON format of IBM's open source Cloud Annotations labeling tool.

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Zero Shot Segmentation

Referring Expression Segmentation

Phrase Grounding

Region Proposal

Multi-Label Classification

Open Vocabulary Object Detection

Video Classification

Document Question Answering (DocQA)

Chart Question Answering

Pose Estimation

Vision-Language

Keypoint Detection

Semantic Segmentation

Instance Segmentation

Object Detection

Most Popular Computer Vision Format Conversions

How To Convert COCO JSON to YOLOv8 Oriented Bounding Boxes

How To Convert Pascal VOC XML to YOLOv8 Oriented Bounding Boxes

How To Convert YOLOv8 PyTorch TXT to YOLOv8 Oriented Bounding Boxes

How To Convert COCO JSON to YOLOv8 PyTorch TXT

How To Convert Pascal VOC XML to YOLOv8 PyTorch TXT

How To Convert YOLOv8 PyTorch TXT to COCO JSON